Macronutrients
Carbohydrates
Molecules consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. Carbohydrates include monosaccharides(glucose,fructose,glactose), sisaccharides ,and polysaccharides(starch). Nutritionally,polysaccharides are more forward for humans because they are more complex molecular sugar chains and take longer to break down the more complex a sugar molecule is the longer it takes to break down into the bloodstreamn. it yields energy equal to approx . 4kacl per gram.
FIBER
Fiber mostly consist of carbohydrates. However, because of its limited absorption by the body, not much of the sugar and straches get into the blood stream. fiber is a crucial part of essential human nutrition.
WATER
About 70% of the non-fat mass of the human body is water. Nobody is completely sure how much water the human body needs. calms vary from between one to seven liters per day to avoid dehydration.
we do know that water requirements are very closely linked to body size, age, enviromental temperature, physical activity, different staters of health, and dietary habits.
PROTEINS
Molecules contain nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. simple proteins called monomers, are used to create complicated proteins, called polymers, which build and repair tissue . when used as fuel the protein need to break down , as it break down it get rid of nitrogen, which has to be eliminated by the kidneys, it yield energy, approx. 4kacl per gram
FATS
Molecules consist of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. fats are triglycerides, three molecules of fatty acid combined with a molecule of the alcohol glycerol . Fatty acid are simple compounds (monomers) while tryglycerides are complex molecule (polymers) .These do not provide energy.It yield approx. 9 kacl per gram.
